Help:Displaying a formula
From Fedtrek
MediaWiki uses a subset of TeX markup, including some extensions from LaTeX and AMSLaTeX, for mathematical formulae. It generates either PNG images or simple HTML markup, depending on user preferences and the complexity of the expression. In the future, as more browsers are smarter, it will be able to generate enhanced HTML or even MathML in many cases. (See blahtex for information about current work on adding MathML support.)
More precisely, MediaWiki filters the markup through Texvc, which in turn passes the commands to TeX for the actual rendering. Thus, only a limited part of the full TeX language is supported; see below for details.
[edit] Syntax
Math markup goes inside <math> ... </math>. The edit toolbar has a button for this.
Similarly to HTML, in TeX extra spaces and newlines are ignored.
The TeX code has to be put literally: MediaWiki templates, predefined templates, and parameters cannot be used within math tags: pairs of double braces are ignored and "#" gives an error message. However, math tags work in the then and else part of #if, etc. See m:Template:Demo of attempt to use parameters within TeX (backlinks, edit).
[edit] Rendering
The PNG images are black on white (not transparent). These colors, as well as font sizes and types, are independent of browser settings or CSS. Font sizes and types will often deviate from what HTML renders. Vertical alignment with the surrounding text can also be a problem. The css selector of the images is img.tex.
It should be pointed out that most of these shortcomings have been addressed by Maynard Handley, but have not been released yet.
The alt attribute of the PNG images (the text that is displayed if your browser can't display images; Internet Explorer shows it up in the hover box) is the wikitext that produced them, excluding the <math> and </math>.
Apart from function and operator names, as is customary in mathematics for variables, letters are in italics; digits are not. For other text, (like variable labels) to avoid being rendered in italics like variables, use mbox or mathrm. For example, <math>mbox{abc}</math> gives Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): mbox{abc} .
[edit] TeX vs HTML
Before introducing TeX markup for producing special characters, it should be noted that, as this comparison table shows, sometimes similar results can be achieved in HTML (see Help:Special characters).
| TeX Syntax (forcing PNG) | TeX Rendering | HTML Syntax | HTML Rendering |
|---|---|---|---|
<math>alpha,</math> |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): alpha, |
α |
α |
<math>sqrt{2}</math> |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): sqrt{2} |
√2 |
√2 |
<math>sqrt{1-e^2}</math> |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): sqrt{1-e^2} |
√(1−''e''²) |
√(1−e²) |
The use of HTML instead of TeX is still under discussion. The arguments either way can be summarised as follows.
[edit] Pros of HTML
- In-line HTML formulae always align properly with the rest of the HTML text.
- The formula's background, font size and face match the rest of HTML contents and the appearance respects CSS and browser settings.
- Pages using HTML will load faster.
[edit] Pros of TeX
- TeX is semantically superior to HTML. In TeX, "
<math>x</math>" means "mathematical variable Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): x ", whereas in HTML "x" could mean anything. Information has been irrevocably lost.
- TeX has been specifically designed for typesetting formulae, so input is easier and more natural, and output is more aesthetically pleasing.
- One consequence of point 1 is that TeX can be transformed into HTML, but not vice-versa. This means that on the server side we can always transform a formula, based on its complexity and location within the text, user preferences, type of browser, etc. Therefore, where possible, all the benefits of HTML can be retained, together with the benefits of TeX. It's true that the current situation is not ideal, but that's not a good reason to drop information/contents. It's more a reason to help improve the situation.
- Another consequence of point 1 is that TeX can be converted to MathML for browsers which support it, thus keeping its semantics and allowing it to be renderred vectorally.
- When writing in TeX, editors need not worry about whether this or that version of this or that browser supports this or that HTML entity. The burden of these decisions is put on the server. This doesn't hold for HTML formulae, which can easily end up being rendered wrongly or differently from the editor's intentions on a different browser.
[edit] Functions, symbols, special characters
[edit] Subscripts, superscripts, integrals
| Feature | Syntax | How it looks rendered | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HTML | PNG | ||
| Superscript | a^2 |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a^2 |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a^2 ,! |
| Subscript | a_2 |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a_2 |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a_2 ,! |
| Grouping | a^{2+2} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a^{2+2} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a^{2+2},! |
a_{i,j} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a_{i,j} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a_{i,j},! |
|
| Combining sub & super | x_2^3 |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): x_2^3 |
|
| Preceding and/or Additional sub & super | sideset{_1^2}{_3^4}prod_a^b |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): sideset{_1^2}{_3^4}prod_a^b |
|
{}_1^2!Omega_3^4 |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): {}_1^2!Omega_3^4 |
||
| Stacking | overset{alpha}{omega} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): overset{alpha}{omega} |
|
underset{alpha}{omega} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): underset{alpha}{omega} |
||
overset{alpha}{underset{gamma}{omega}} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): overset{alpha}{underset{gamma}{omega}} |
||
stackrel{alpha}{omega} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): stackrel{alpha}{omega} |
||
| Derivative (forced PNG) | x', y, f', f! |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): x', y'', f', f''! |
|
| Derivative (f in italics may overlap primes in HTML) | x', y, f', f |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): x', y'', f', f'' |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): x', y'', f', f''! |
| Derivative (wrong in HTML) | x^prime, y^{primeprime} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): x^prime, y^{primeprime} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): x^prime, y^{primeprime},! |
| Derivative (wrong in PNG) | xprime, yprimeprime |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): xprime, yprimeprime |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): xprime, yprimeprime,! |
| Derivative dots | dot{x}, ddot{x} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): dot{x}, ddot{x} |
|
| Underlines, overlines, vectors | hat a bar b vec c |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): hat a bar b vec c |
|
overrightarrow{a b} overleftarrow{c d} widehat{d e f} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): overrightarrow{a b} overleftarrow{c d} widehat{d e f} |
||
overline{g h i} underline{j k l} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): overline{g h i} underline{j k l} |
||
| Arrows | A xleftarrow{n+mu-1} B xrightarrow[T]{npm i-1} C |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): A xleftarrow{n+mu-1} B xrightarrow[T]{npm i-1} C |
|
| Overbraces | overbrace{ 1+2+cdots+100 }^{5050} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): overbrace{ 1+2+cdots+100 }^{5050} |
|
| Underbraces | underbrace{ a+b+cdots+z }_{26} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): underbrace{ a+b+cdots+z }_{26} |
|
| Sum | sum_{k=1}^N k^2 |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): sum_{k=1}^N k^2 |
|
Sum (force textstyle) |
textstyle sum_{k=1}^N k^2 |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): textstyle sum_{k=1}^N k^2 |
|
| Product | prod_{i=1}^N x_i |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): prod_{i=1}^N x_i |
|
Product (force textstyle) |
textstyle prod_{i=1}^N x_i |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): textstyle prod_{i=1}^N x_i |
|
| Coproduct | coprod_{i=1}^N x_i |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): coprod_{i=1}^N x_i |
|
Coproduct (force textstyle) |
textstyle coprod_{i=1}^N x_i |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): textstyle coprod_{i=1}^N x_i |
|
| Limit | lim_{n to infty}x_n |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): lim_{n to infty}x_n |
|
Limit (force textstyle) |
textstyle lim_{n to infty}x_n |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): textstyle lim_{n to infty}x_n |
|
| Integral | int_{-N}^{N} e^x, dx |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): int_{-N}^{N} e^x, dx |
|
Integral (force textstyle) |
textstyle int_{-N}^{N} e^x, dx |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): textstyle int_{-N}^{N} e^x, dx |
|
| Double integral | iint_{D}^{W} , dx,dy |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): iint_{D}^{W} , dx,dy |
|
| Triple integral | iiint_{E}^{V} , dx,dy,dz |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): iiint_{E}^{V} , dx,dy,dz |
|
| Quadruple integral | iiiint_{F}^{U} , dx,dy,dz,dt |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): iiiint_{F}^{U} , dx,dy,dz,dt |
|
| Path integral | oint_{C} x^3, dx + 4y^2, dy |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): oint_{C} x^3, dx + 4y^2, dy |
|
| Intersections | bigcap_1^{n} p |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): bigcap_1^{n} p |
|
| Unions | bigcup_1^{k} p |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): bigcup_1^{k} p |
|
[edit] Fractions, matrices, multilines
| Feature | Syntax | How it looks rendered |
|---|---|---|
| Fractions | frac{2}{4}=0.5 |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): frac{2}{4}=0.5 |
| Small Fractions | tfrac{2}{4} = 0.5 |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): tfrac{2}{4} = 0.5 |
| Large (normal) Fractions | dfrac{2}{4} = 0.5 |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): dfrac{2}{4} = 0.5 |
| Large (nested) Fractions | cfrac{2}{c + cfrac{2}{d + cfrac{2}{4}}} = a |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): cfrac{2}{c + cfrac{2}{d + cfrac{2}{4}}} = a |
| Binomial coefficients | binom{n}{k} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): binom{n}{k} |
| Small Binomial coefficients | tbinom{n}{k} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): tbinom{n}{k} |
| Large (normal) Binomial coefficients | dbinom{n}{k} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): dbinom{n}{k} |
| Matrices |
begin{matrix}
x & y
z & v
end{matrix}
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): begin{matrix} x & y z & v end{matrix} |
begin{vmatrix}
x & y
z & v
end{vmatrix}
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): begin{vmatrix} x & y z & v end{vmatrix} |
|
begin{Vmatrix}
x & y
z & v
end{Vmatrix}
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): begin{Vmatrix} x & y z & v end{Vmatrix} |
|
begin{bmatrix}
0 & cdots & 0
vdots & ddots & vdots
0 & cdots & 0
end{bmatrix}
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): begin{bmatrix} 0 & cdots & 0 vdots & ddots & vdots 0 & cdots & 0end{bmatrix} |
|
begin{Bmatrix}
x & y
z & v
end{Bmatrix}
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): begin{Bmatrix} x & y z & v end{Bmatrix} |
|
begin{pmatrix}
x & y
z & v
end{pmatrix}
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): begin{pmatrix} x & y z & v end{pmatrix} |
|
bigl( begin{smallmatrix}
a&b c&d
end{smallmatrix} bigr)
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): bigl( begin{smallmatrix} a&b c&d end{smallmatrix} bigr) |
|
| Case distinctions |
f(n) =
begin{cases}
n/2, & mbox{if }nmbox{ is even}
3n+1, & mbox{if }nmbox{ is odd}
end{cases}
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): f(n) = begin{cases} n/2, & mbox{if }nmbox{ is even} 3n+1, & mbox{if }nmbox{ is odd} end{cases} |
| Multiline equations |
begin{align}
f(x) & = (a+b)^2
& = a^2+2ab+b^2
end{align}
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): begin{align} f(x) & = (a+b)^2 & = a^2+2ab+b^2 end{align} |
begin{alignat}{2}
f(x) & = (a-b)^2
& = a^2-2ab+b^2
end{alignat}
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): begin{alignat}{2} f(x) & = (a-b)^2 & = a^2-2ab+b^2 end{alignat} |
|
| Multiline equations (must define number of colums used ({lcr}) (should not be used unless needed) |
begin{array}{lcl}
z & = & a
f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z
end{array}
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): begin{array}{lcl} z & = & a f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z end{array} |
| Multiline equations (more) |
begin{array}{lcr}
z & = & a
f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z
end{array}
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): begin{array}{lcr} z & = & a f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z end{array} |
| Breaking up a long expression so that it wraps when necessary |
<math>f(x) ,!</math>
<math>= sum_{n=0}^infty a_n x^n </math>
<math>= a_0+a_1x+a_2x^2+cdots</math>
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): f(x) ,! Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): = sum_{n=0}^infty a_n x^n Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): = a_0 +a_1x+a_2x^2+cdots |
| Simultaneous equations |
begin{cases}
3x + 5y + z
7x - 2y + 4z
-6x + 3y + 2z
end{cases}
|
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): begin{cases} 3x + 5y + z 7x - 2y + 4z -6x + 3y + 2z end{cases} |
[edit] Alphabets and typefaces
| Greek alphabet | |
|---|---|
Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon Zeta |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon Zeta ,! |
Eta Theta Iota Kappa Lambda Mu |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): Eta Theta Iota Kappa Lambda Mu ,! |
Nu Xi Pi Rho Sigma Tau |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): Nu Xi Pi Rho Sigma Tau,! |
Upsilon Phi Chi Psi Omega |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): Upsilon Phi Chi Psi Omega ,! |
alpha beta gamma delta epsilon zeta |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): alpha beta gamma delta epsilon zeta ,! |
eta theta iota kappa lambda mu |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): eta theta iota kappa lambda mu ,! |
nu xi pi rho sigma tau |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): nu xi pi rho sigma tau ,! |
upsilon phi chi psi omega |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): upsilon phi chi psi omega ,! |
varepsilon digamma vartheta varkappa |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): varepsilon digamma vartheta varkappa ,! |
varpi varrho varsigma varphi |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): varpi varrho varsigma varphi,! |
| Blackboard Bold/Scripts | |
mathbb{A} mathbb{B} mathbb{C} mathbb{D} mathbb{E} mathbb{F} mathbb{G} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbb{A} mathbb{B} mathbb{C} mathbb{D} mathbb{E} mathbb{F} mathbb{G} ,! |
mathbb{H} mathbb{I} mathbb{J} mathbb{K} mathbb{L} mathbb{M} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbb{H} mathbb{I} mathbb{J} mathbb{K} mathbb{L} mathbb{M} ,! |
mathbb{N} mathbb{O} mathbb{P} mathbb{Q} mathbb{R} mathbb{S} mathbb{T} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbb{N} mathbb{O} mathbb{P} mathbb{Q} mathbb{R} mathbb{S} mathbb{T} ,! |
mathbb{U} mathbb{V} mathbb{W} mathbb{X} mathbb{Y} mathbb{Z} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbb{U} mathbb{V} mathbb{W} mathbb{X} mathbb{Y} mathbb{Z},! |
| boldface (vectors) | |
mathbf{A} mathbf{B} mathbf{C} mathbf{D} mathbf{E} mathbf{F} mathbf{G} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbf{A} mathbf{B} mathbf{C} mathbf{D} mathbf{E} mathbf{F} mathbf{G} ,! |
mathbf{H} mathbf{I} mathbf{J} mathbf{K} mathbf{L} mathbf{M} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbf{H} mathbf{I} mathbf{J} mathbf{K} mathbf{L} mathbf{M} ,! |
mathbf{N} mathbf{O} mathbf{P} mathbf{Q} mathbf{R} mathbf{S} mathbf{T} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbf{N} mathbf{O} mathbf{P} mathbf{Q} mathbf{R} mathbf{S} mathbf{T} ,! |
mathbf{U} mathbf{V} mathbf{W} mathbf{X} mathbf{Y} mathbf{Z} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbf{U} mathbf{V} mathbf{W} mathbf{X} mathbf{Y} mathbf{Z} ,! |
mathbf{a} mathbf{b} mathbf{c} mathbf{d} mathbf{e} mathbf{f} mathbf{g} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbf{a} mathbf{b} mathbf{c} mathbf{d} mathbf{e} mathbf{f} mathbf{g} ,! |
mathbf{h} mathbf{i} mathbf{j} mathbf{k} mathbf{l} mathbf{m} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbf{h} mathbf{i} mathbf{j} mathbf{k} mathbf{l} mathbf{m} ,! |
mathbf{n} mathbf{o} mathbf{p} mathbf{q} mathbf{r} mathbf{s} mathbf{t} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbf{n} mathbf{o} mathbf{p} mathbf{q} mathbf{r} mathbf{s} mathbf{t} ,! |
mathbf{u} mathbf{v} mathbf{w} mathbf{x} mathbf{y} mathbf{z} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbf{u} mathbf{v} mathbf{w} mathbf{x} mathbf{y} mathbf{z} ,! |
mathbf{0} mathbf{1} mathbf{2} mathbf{3} mathbf{4} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbf{0} mathbf{1} mathbf{2} mathbf{3} mathbf{4} ,! |
mathbf{5} mathbf{6} mathbf{7} mathbf{8} mathbf{9} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathbf{5} mathbf{6} mathbf{7} mathbf{8} mathbf{9},! |
| Boldface (greek) | |
boldsymbol{Alpha} boldsymbol{Beta} boldsymbol{Gamma} boldsymbol{Delta} boldsymbol{Epsilon} boldsymbol{Zeta} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): boldsymbol{Alpha} boldsymbol{Beta} boldsymbol{Gamma} boldsymbol{Delta} boldsymbol{Epsilon} boldsymbol{Zeta} ,! |
boldsymbol{Eta} boldsymbol{Theta} boldsymbol{Iota} boldsymbol{Kappa} boldsymbol{Lambda} boldsymbol{Mu} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): boldsymbol{Eta} boldsymbol{Theta} boldsymbol{Iota} boldsymbol{Kappa} boldsymbol{Lambda} boldsymbol{Mu},! |
boldsymbol{Nu} boldsymbol{Xi} boldsymbol{Pi} boldsymbol{Rho} boldsymbol{Sigma} boldsymbol{Tau} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): boldsymbol{Nu} boldsymbol{Xi} boldsymbol{Pi} boldsymbol{Rho} boldsymbol{Sigma} boldsymbol{Tau},! |
boldsymbol{Upsilon} boldsymbol{Phi} boldsymbol{Chi} boldsymbol{Psi} boldsymbol{Omega} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): boldsymbol{Upsilon} boldsymbol{Phi} boldsymbol{Chi} boldsymbol{Psi} boldsymbol{Omega},! |
boldsymbol{alpha} boldsymbol{beta} boldsymbol{gamma} boldsymbol{delta} boldsymbol{epsilon} boldsymbol{zeta} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): boldsymbol{alpha} boldsymbol{beta} boldsymbol{gamma} boldsymbol{delta} boldsymbol{epsilon} boldsymbol{zeta},! |
boldsymbol{eta} boldsymbol{theta} boldsymbol{iota} boldsymbol{kappa} boldsymbol{lambda} boldsymbol{mu} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): boldsymbol{eta} boldsymbol{theta} boldsymbol{iota} boldsymbol{kappa} boldsymbol{lambda} boldsymbol{mu},! |
boldsymbol{nu} boldsymbol{xi} boldsymbol{pi} boldsymbol{rho} boldsymbol{sigma} boldsymbol{tau} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): boldsymbol{nu} boldsymbol{xi} boldsymbol{pi} boldsymbol{rho} boldsymbol{sigma} boldsymbol{tau},! |
boldsymbol{upsilon} boldsymbol{phi} boldsymbol{chi} boldsymbol{psi} boldsymbol{omega} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): boldsymbol{upsilon} boldsymbol{phi} boldsymbol{chi} boldsymbol{psi} boldsymbol{omega},! |
boldsymbol{varepsilon} boldsymbol{digamma} boldsymbol{vartheta} boldsymbol{varkappa} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): boldsymbol{varepsilon} boldsymbol{digamma} boldsymbol{vartheta} boldsymbol{varkappa} ,! |
boldsymbol{varpi} boldsymbol{varrho} boldsymbol{varsigma} boldsymbol{varphi} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): boldsymbol{varpi} boldsymbol{varrho} boldsymbol{varsigma} boldsymbol{varphi},! |
| Italics | |
mathit{A} mathit{B} mathit{C} mathit{D} mathit{E} mathit{F} mathit{G} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathit{A} mathit{B} mathit{C} mathit{D} mathit{E} mathit{F} mathit{G} ,! |
mathit{H} mathit{I} mathit{J} mathit{K} mathit{L} mathit{M} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathit{H} mathit{I} mathit{J} mathit{K} mathit{L} mathit{M} ,! |
mathit{N} mathit{O} mathit{P} mathit{Q} mathit{R} mathit{S} mathit{T} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathit{N} mathit{O} mathit{P} mathit{Q} mathit{R} mathit{S} mathit{T} ,! |
mathit{U} mathit{V} mathit{W} mathit{X} mathit{Y} mathit{Z} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathit{U} mathit{V} mathit{W} mathit{X} mathit{Y} mathit{Z} ,! |
mathit{a} mathit{b} mathit{c} mathit{d} mathit{e} mathit{f} mathit{g} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathit{a} mathit{b} mathit{c} mathit{d} mathit{e} mathit{f} mathit{g} ,! |
mathit{h} mathit{i} mathit{j} mathit{k} mathit{l} mathit{m} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathit{h} mathit{i} mathit{j} mathit{k} mathit{l} mathit{m} ,! |
mathit{n} mathit{o} mathit{p} mathit{q} mathit{r} mathit{s} mathit{t} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathit{n} mathit{o} mathit{p} mathit{q} mathit{r} mathit{s} mathit{t} ,! |
mathit{u} mathit{v} mathit{w} mathit{x} mathit{y} mathit{z} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathit{u} mathit{v} mathit{w} mathit{x} mathit{y} mathit{z} ,! |
mathit{0} mathit{1} mathit{2} mathit{3} mathit{4} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathit{0} mathit{1} mathit{2} mathit{3} mathit{4} ,! |
mathit{5} mathit{6} mathit{7} mathit{8} mathit{9} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathit{5} mathit{6} mathit{7} mathit{8} mathit{9},! |
| Roman typeface | |
mathrm{A} mathrm{B} mathrm{C} mathrm{D} mathrm{E} mathrm{F} mathrm{G} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathrm{A} mathrm{B} mathrm{C} mathrm{D} mathrm{E} mathrm{F} mathrm{G} ,! |
mathrm{H} mathrm{I} mathrm{J} mathrm{K} mathrm{L} mathrm{M} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathrm{H} mathrm{I} mathrm{J} mathrm{K} mathrm{L} mathrm{M} ,! |
mathrm{N} mathrm{O} mathrm{P} mathrm{Q} mathrm{R} mathrm{S} mathrm{T} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathrm{N} mathrm{O} mathrm{P} mathrm{Q} mathrm{R} mathrm{S} mathrm{T} ,! |
mathrm{U} mathrm{V} mathrm{W} mathrm{X} mathrm{Y} mathrm{Z} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathrm{U} mathrm{V} mathrm{W} mathrm{X} mathrm{Y} mathrm{Z} ,! |
mathrm{a} mathrm{b} mathrm{c} mathrm{d} mathrm{e} mathrm{f} mathrm{g} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathrm{a} mathrm{b} mathrm{c} mathrm{d} mathrm{e} mathrm{f} mathrm{g},! |
mathrm{h} mathrm{i} mathrm{j} mathrm{k} mathrm{l} mathrm{m} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathrm{h} mathrm{i} mathrm{j} mathrm{k} mathrm{l} mathrm{m} ,! |
mathrm{n} mathrm{o} mathrm{p} mathrm{q} mathrm{r} mathrm{s} mathrm{t} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathrm{n} mathrm{o} mathrm{p} mathrm{q} mathrm{r} mathrm{s} mathrm{t} ,! |
mathrm{u} mathrm{v} mathrm{w} mathrm{x} mathrm{y} mathrm{z} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathrm{u} mathrm{v} mathrm{w} mathrm{x} mathrm{y} mathrm{z} ,! |
mathrm{0} mathrm{1} mathrm{2} mathrm{3} mathrm{4} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathrm{0} mathrm{1} mathrm{2} mathrm{3} mathrm{4} ,! |
mathrm{5} mathrm{6} mathrm{7} mathrm{8} mathrm{9} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathrm{5} mathrm{6} mathrm{7} mathrm{8} mathrm{9},! |
| Fraktur typeface | |
mathfrak{A} mathfrak{B} mathfrak{C} mathfrak{D} mathfrak{E} mathfrak{F} mathfrak{G} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathfrak{A} mathfrak{B} mathfrak{C} mathfrak{D} mathfrak{E} mathfrak{F} mathfrak{G} ,! |
mathfrak{H} mathfrak{I} mathfrak{J} mathfrak{K} mathfrak{L} mathfrak{M} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathfrak{H} mathfrak{I} mathfrak{J} mathfrak{K} mathfrak{L} mathfrak{M} ,! |
mathfrak{N} mathfrak{O} mathfrak{P} mathfrak{Q} mathfrak{R} mathfrak{S} mathfrak{T} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathfrak{N} mathfrak{O} mathfrak{P} mathfrak{Q} mathfrak{R} mathfrak{S} mathfrak{T} ,! |
mathfrak{U} mathfrak{V} mathfrak{W} mathfrak{X} mathfrak{Y} mathfrak{Z} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathfrak{U} mathfrak{V} mathfrak{W} mathfrak{X} mathfrak{Y} mathfrak{Z} ,! |
mathfrak{a} mathfrak{b} mathfrak{c} mathfrak{d} mathfrak{e} mathfrak{f} mathfrak{g} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathfrak{a} mathfrak{b} mathfrak{c} mathfrak{d} mathfrak{e} mathfrak{f} mathfrak{g} ,! |
mathfrak{h} mathfrak{i} mathfrak{j} mathfrak{k} mathfrak{l} mathfrak{m} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathfrak{h} mathfrak{i} mathfrak{j} mathfrak{k} mathfrak{l} mathfrak{m} ,! |
mathfrak{n} mathfrak{o} mathfrak{p} mathfrak{q} mathfrak{r} mathfrak{s} mathfrak{t} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathfrak{n} mathfrak{o} mathfrak{p} mathfrak{q} mathfrak{r} mathfrak{s} mathfrak{t} ,! |
mathfrak{u} mathfrak{v} mathfrak{w} mathfrak{x} mathfrak{y} mathfrak{z} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathfrak{u} mathfrak{v} mathfrak{w} mathfrak{x} mathfrak{y} mathfrak{z} ,! |
mathfrak{0} mathfrak{1} mathfrak{2} mathfrak{3} mathfrak{4} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathfrak{0} mathfrak{1} mathfrak{2} mathfrak{3} mathfrak{4} ,! |
mathfrak{5} mathfrak{6} mathfrak{7} mathfrak{8} mathfrak{9} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathfrak{5} mathfrak{6} mathfrak{7} mathfrak{8} mathfrak{9},! |
| Calligraphy/Script | |
mathcal{A} mathcal{B} mathcal{C} mathcal{D} mathcal{E} mathcal{F} mathcal{G} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathcal{A} mathcal{B} mathcal{C} mathcal{D} mathcal{E} mathcal{F} mathcal{G} ,! |
mathcal{H} mathcal{I} mathcal{J} mathcal{K} mathcal{L} mathcal{M} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathcal{H} mathcal{I} mathcal{J} mathcal{K} mathcal{L} mathcal{M} ,! |
mathcal{N} mathcal{O} mathcal{P} mathcal{Q} mathcal{R} mathcal{S} mathcal{T} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathcal{N} mathcal{O} mathcal{P} mathcal{Q} mathcal{R} mathcal{S} mathcal{T} ,! |
mathcal{U} mathcal{V} mathcal{W} mathcal{X} mathcal{Y} mathcal{Z} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mathcal{U} mathcal{V} mathcal{W} mathcal{X} mathcal{Y} mathcal{Z},! |
| Hebrew | |
aleph beth gimel daleth |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): aleph beth gimel daleth,! |
| Feature | Syntax | How it looks rendered | |
|---|---|---|---|
| non-italicised characters | mbox{abc} | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mbox{abc} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mbox{abc} ,! |
| mixed italics (bad) | mbox{if} n mbox{is even} | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mbox{if} n mbox{is even} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mbox{if} n mbox{is even} ,! |
| mixed italics (good) | mbox{if }nmbox{ is even} | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mbox{if }nmbox{ is even} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mbox{if }nmbox{ is even} ,! |
| mixed italics (more legible: ~ is a non-breaking space, while " " forces a space) | mbox{if}~n mbox{is even} | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mbox{if}~n mbox{is even} |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): mbox{if}~n mbox{is even} ,! |
[edit] Parenthesizing big expressions, brackets, bars
| Feature | Syntax | How it looks rendered |
|---|---|---|
| Bad | ( frac{1}{2} ) | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): ( frac{1}{2} ) |
| Good | left ( frac{1}{2} right ) | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): left ( frac{1}{2} right ) |
You can use various delimiters with left and right:
| Feature | Syntax | How it looks rendered | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parentheses | left ( frac{a}{b} right ) | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): left ( frac{a}{b} right ) |
|
| Brackets | left [ frac{a}{b} right ] quad left lbrack frac{a}{b} right rbrack | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): left [ frac{a}{b} right ] quad left lbrack frac{a}{b} right rbrack |
|
| Braces | left { frac{a}{b} right } quad left lbrace frac{a}{b} right rbrace | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): left { frac{a}{b} right } quad left lbrace frac{a}{b} right rbrace |
|
| Angle brackets | left langle frac{a}{b} right rangle | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): left langle frac{a}{b} right rangle |
|
| Bars and double bars | left | frac{a}{b} right vert left Vert frac{c}{d} right | | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): left | frac{a}{b} right vert left Vert frac{c}{d} right | |
|
| Floor and ceiling functions: | left lfloor frac{a}{b} right rfloor left lceil frac{c}{d} right rceil | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): left lfloor frac{a}{b} right rfloor left lceil frac{c}{d} right rceil |
|
| Slashes and backslashes | left / frac{a}{b} right backslash | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): left / frac{a}{b} right backslash |
|
| Up, down and up-down arrows | left uparrow frac{a}{b} right downarrow quad left Uparrow frac{a}{b} right Downarrow quad left updownarrow frac{a}{b} right Updownarrow | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): left uparrow frac{a}{b} right downarrow quad left Uparrow frac{a}{b} right Downarrow quad left updownarrow frac{a}{b} right Updownarrow |
|
|
Delimiters can be mixed, |
left [ 0,1 right ) |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): left [ 0,1 right ) |
|
| Use left. and right. if you don't want a delimiter to appear: |
left . frac{A}{B} right } to X | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): left . frac{A}{B} right } to X |
|
| Size of the delimiters | big( Big( bigg( Bigg( ... Bigg] bigg] Big] big] |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): big( Big( bigg( Bigg( ... Bigg] bigg] Big] big] |
|
| big{ Big{ bigg{ Bigg{ ... Biggrangle biggrangle Bigrangle bigrangle |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): big{ Big{ bigg{ Bigg{ ... Biggrangle biggrangle Bigrangle bigrangle |
||
| big| Big| bigg| Bigg| ... Bigg| bigg| Big| big| | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): big| Big| bigg| Bigg| ... Bigg| bigg| Big| big| |
||
| biglfloor Biglfloor bigglfloor Bigglfloor ... Biggrceil biggrceil Bigrceil bigrceil |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): biglfloor Biglfloor bigglfloor Bigglfloor ... Biggrceil biggrceil Bigrceil bigrceil |
||
| biguparrow Biguparrow bigguparrow Bigguparrow ... BiggDownarrow biggDownarrow BigDownarrow bigDownarrow |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): biguparrow Biguparrow bigguparrow Bigguparrow ... BiggDownarrow biggDownarrow BigDownarrow bigDownarrow |
||
| bigupdownarrow Bigupdownarrow biggupdownarrow Biggupdownarrow ... BiggUpdownarrow biggUpdownarrow BigUpdownarrow bigUpdownarrow |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): bigupdownarrow Bigupdownarrow biggupdownarrow Biggupdownarrow ... BiggUpdownarrow biggUpdownarrow BigUpdownarrow bigUpdownarrow |
||
| big / Big / bigg / Bigg / ... Biggbackslash biggbackslash Bigbackslash bigbackslash |
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): big / Big / bigg / Bigg / ... Biggbackslash biggbackslash Bigbackslash bigbackslash |
||
[edit] Spacing
Note that TeX handles most spacing automatically, but you may sometimes want manual control.
| Feature | Syntax | How it looks rendered |
|---|---|---|
| double quad space | a qquad b | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a qquad b |
| quad space | a quad b | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a quad b |
| text space | a b | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a b |
| text space without PNG conversion | a mbox{ } b | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a mbox{ } b |
| large space | a;b | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a;b |
| medium space | a>b | [not supported] |
| small space | a,b | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a,b |
| no space | ab | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): ab, |
| small negative space | a!b | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a!b |
[edit] Align with normal text flow
Due to the default css
img.tex { vertical-align: middle; }
an inline expression like Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): int_{-N}^{N} e^x, dx
should look good.
If you need to align it otherwise, use <font style="vertical-align:-100%;"><math>...</math></font> and play with the vertical-align argument until you get it right; however, how it looks may depend on the browser and the browser settings.
Also note that if you rely on this workaround, if/when the rendering on the server gets fixed in future releases, as a result of this extra manual offset your formulae will suddenly be aligned incorrectly. So use it sparingly, if at all.
[edit] Forced PNG rendering
To force the formula to render as PNG, add , (small space) at the end of the formula (where it is not rendered). This will force PNG if the user is in "HTML if simple" mode, but not for "HTML if possible" mode (math rendering settings in preferences).
You can also use ,! (small space and negative space, which cancel out) anywhere inside the math tags. This does force PNG even in "HTML if possible" mode, unlike ,.
This could be useful to keep the rendering of formulae in a proof consistent, for example, or to fix formulae that render incorrectly in HTML (at one time, a^{2+2} rendered with an extra underscore), or to demonstrate how something is rendered when it would normally show up as HTML (as in the examples above).
For instance:
| Syntax | How it looks rendered |
|---|---|
| a^{c+2} | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a^{c+2} |
| a^{c+2} , | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a^{c+2} , |
| a^{,!c+2} | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a^{,!c+2} |
| a^{b^{c+2}} | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a^{b^{c+2}} (WRONG with option "HTML if possible or else PNG"!) |
| a^{b^{c+2}} , | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a^{b^{c+2}} , (WRONG with option "HTML if possible or else PNG"!) |
| a^{b^{c+2}}approx 5 | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a^{b^{c+2}}approx 5 (due to "Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): approx " correctly displayed, no code ",!" needed) |
| a^{b^{,!c+2}} | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): a^{b^{,!c+2}} |
| int_{-N}^{N} e^x, dx | Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): int_{-N}^{N} e^x, dx |
This has been tested with most of the formulae on this page, and seems to work perfectly.
You might want to include a comment in the HTML so people don't "correct" the formula by removing it:
- <!-- The ,! is to keep the formula rendered as PNG instead of HTML. Please don't remove it.-->
[edit] Color
Equations can use color:
{color{Blue}x^2}+{color{Brown}2x}-{color{OliveGreen}1}- Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): {color{Blue}x^2}+{color{Brown}2x}-{color{OliveGreen}1}
x_{1,2}=frac{-bpmsqrt{color{Red}b^2-4ac}}{2a}- Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): x_{1,2}=frac{-bpmsqrt{color{Red}b^2-4ac}}{2a}
See here for all named colours supported by LaTeX.
Note that color should not be used as the only way to identify something because color blind people may not be able to distinguish between the two colors. See en:Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Formatting issues.
[edit] Examples
[edit] Quadratic Polynomial
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): ax^2 + bx + c = 0
<math>ax^2 + bx + c = 0</math>
[edit] Quadratic Polynomial (Force PNG Rendering)
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): ax^2 + bx + c = 0,!
<math>ax^2 + bx + c = 0,!</math>
[edit] Quadratic Formula
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): x=frac{-bpmsqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}
<math>x=frac{-bpmsqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}</math>
[edit] Tall Parentheses and Fractions
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): 2 = left( frac{left(3-xright) times 2}{3-x} right)
<math>2 = left(
frac{left(3-xright) times 2}{3-x}
right)</math>
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): S_{new} = S_{old} - frac{ left( 5-T right) ^2} {2}
<math>S_{new} = S_{old} +
frac{ left( 5-T right) ^2} {2}</math>
[edit] Integrals
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): int_a^x int_a^s f(y),dy,ds = int_a^x f(y)(x-y),dy
<math>int_a^x int_a^s f(y),dy,ds = int_a^x f(y)(x-y),dy</math>
[edit] Summation
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): sum_{m=1}^inftysum_{n=1}^inftyfrac{m^2,n}{3^mleft(m,3^n+n,3^mright)}
<math>sum_{m=1}^inftysum_{n=1}^inftyfrac{m^2,n}
{3^mleft(m,3^n+n,3^mright)}</math>
[edit] Differential Equation
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): u'' + p(x)u' + q(x)u=f(x),quad x>a
<math>u'' + p(x)u' + q(x)u=f(x),quad x>a</math>
[edit] Complex numbers
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): |bar{z}| = |z|, |(bar{z})^n| = |z|^n, arg(z^n) = n arg(z)
<math>|bar{z}| = |z|,
|(bar{z})^n| = |z|^n,
arg(z^n) = n arg(z)</math>
[edit] Limits
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): lim_{zrightarrow z_0} f(z)=f(z_0)
<math>lim_{zrightarrow z_0} f(z)=f(z_0)</math>
[edit] Integral Equation
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): phi_n(kappa) = frac{1}{4pi^2kappa^2} int_0^infty frac{sin(kappa R)}{kappa R} frac{partial}{partial R} left[R^2frac{partial D_n(R)}{partial R}right],dR
<math>phi_n(kappa) =
frac{1}{4pi^2kappa^2} int_0^infty
frac{sin(kappa R)}{kappa R}
frac{partial}{partial R}
left[R^2frac{partial D_n(R)}{partial R}right],dR</math>
[edit] Example
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): phi_n(kappa) = 0.033C_n^2kappa^{-11/3},quad frac{1}{L_0}llkappallfrac{1}{l_0}
<math>phi_n(kappa) =
0.033C_n^2kappa^{-11/3},quad
frac{1}{L_0}llkappallfrac{1}{l_0}</math>
[edit] Continuation and cases
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): f(x) = begin{cases}1 & -1 le x < 0 frac{1}{2} & x = 0 1 - x^2 & 0 < x le 1end{cases}
<math>
f(x) =
begin{cases}
1 & -1 le x < 0
frac{1}{2} & x = 0
1 - x^2 & 0 < xle 1
end{cases}
</math>
[edit] Prefixed subscript
Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable;
please see math/README to configure.): {}_pF_q(a_1,...,a_p;c_1,...,c_q;z) = sum_{n=0}^infty frac{(a_1)_ncdotcdotcdot(a_p)_n}{(c_1)_ncdotcdotcdot(c_q)_n}frac{z^n}{n!}
<math>{}_pF_q(a_1,...,a_p;c_1,...,c_q;z)
= sum_{n=0}^infty
frac{(a_1)_ncdotcdotcdot(a_p)_n}{(c_1)_ncdotcdotcdot(c_q)_n}
frac{z^n}{n!}</math>
[edit] Bug reports
Discussions, bug reports and feature requests should go to the Wikitech-l mailing list. These can also be filed on Mediazilla under MediaWiki extensions.
[edit] See also
- Typesetting of mathematical formulas
- Proposed m:GNU LilyPond support
- Table of mathematical symbols
- m:Blahtex, or blahtex: a LaTeX to MathML converter for Wikipedia
- General help for editing a Wiki page
- Mimetex alternative for an another way to display mathematics using Mimetex.cgi
[edit] External links
- A LaTeX tutorial. http://www.maths.tcd.ie/~dwilkins/LaTeXPrimer/
- A PDF document introducing TeX -- see page 39 onwards for a good introduction to the maths side of things: http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/gentle/gentle.pdf
- A PDF document introducing LaTeX -- skip to page 59 for the math section. See page 72 for a complete reference list of symbols included in LaTeX and AMS-LaTeX. http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/lshort/english/lshort.pdf
- TeX reference card: http://www.csit.fsu.edu/docs/tex/tex-refcard-letter.pdf
- http://www.ams.org/tex/amslatex.html
- A set of public domain fixed-size math symbol bitmaps: http://us.metamath.org/symbols/symbols.html
- MathML - A product of the W3C Math working group, is a low-level specification for describing mathematics as a basis for machine to machine communication. http://www.w3.org/Math/
Template:Ph:Displaying a formula
Other languages: Template:H-langs:Formula
